Solid-phase peptide synthesis explained
Understand resin-bound peptide assembly, the purpose of repeated cycles and why completion of a synthesis does not alone establish final purity.
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Solution-phase peptide synthesis explained
Understand peptide assembly in solution, distinguish soluble tags from insoluble supports, and read intermediate isolation as part of the method.
Read the article →Fmoc and Boc strategies in peptide synthesis
Distinguish Fmoc and Boc temporary amino protection, understand their different removal chemistry, and separate a synthesis strategy from the final peptide identity.
Read the article →Protecting groups and selective peptide chemistry
Understand temporary masking of reactive groups, distinguish selective removal from global deprotection, and read orthogonality as a compatibility relationship.
Read the article →Resin linkers and peptide terminal chemistry
Understand how the connection to a solid support relates to the released peptide's terminus, and distinguish a linker from the underlying resin.
Read the article →Deletion sequences in synthetic peptides
Recognise a peptide missing one or more intended residues, distinguish internal omissions from chain termination, and understand the limits of a mass-based assignment.
Read the article →Insertion sequences and misincorporated residues
Distinguish an extra amino-acid residue from replacement by a different one, and understand why chain length and intact mass cannot resolve every sequence error.
Read the article →Racemisation during peptide synthesis
Understand unintended stereochemical change during assembly, distinguish racemisation from epimerisation and recognise why intact mass may remain unchanged.
Read the article →Peptide ligation for longer molecules
Understand joining preformed peptide segments, the defining junction of native chemical ligation and why segment identity and solubility remain important.
Read the article →Counterion exchange and final material composition
Understand changing associated ions without changing the peptide sequence, and distinguish exchange completion, peptide recovery and final composition.
Read the article →What an HPLC chromatogram shows
Read a chromatogram's axes, baseline, peaks and display scale before drawing conclusions from the shape of the trace.
Read the article →Retention time in peptide chromatography
Interpret a peptide's elution time in its method context, distinguish repeatability from cross-method agreement and avoid assigning identity by timestamp alone.
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