Pilot studies and what they can establish
Read preliminary feasibility results without treating a small pilot as definitive evidence that a peptide intervention works.
Read the article →Research Hub
Explore peptide science, analytical testing and the documentation behind research materials.
500 articles to explore
Replication studies in peptide science
Distinguish new-data replication from reanalysis and judge consistency using the question, methods and uncertainty.
Read the article →Effect size in peptide research
Read the magnitude, units and direction of a reported effect before judging its biological importance.
Read the article →Confidence intervals around experimental results
Interpret a confidence interval as uncertainty in an estimated parameter and distinguish it from the spread of individual measurements.
Read the article →Statistical power and small peptide studies
Understand what a power calculation assumes and why a small study’s non-significant result may leave meaningful effects unresolved.
Read the article →Multiple comparisons in multi-endpoint experiments
Recognise how testing many outcomes changes the interpretation of a selected significant result.
Read the article →Absolute and relative changes in research results
Translate a percentage or fold change back to the underlying values and identify the reference used.
Read the article →Normalisation choices in experimental figures
Identify what a figure divides by or sets as a reference, and understand which information the transformation preserves or hides.
Read the article →Outliers and exclusion rules in peptide studies
Distinguish an unusual observation from a documented error and assess how data-removal decisions affect a result.
Read the article →Missing data and incomplete follow-up
Assess what unobserved outcomes could change and distinguish missing measurements from observed zero responses.
Read the article →Interaction effects in combination experiments
Distinguish a combination’s response from evidence that the effect of one factor depends on another.
Read the article →Reading a peptide paper beyond its abstract
Trace a paper’s main claim into its methods, figures and limitations before using it in an evidence summary.
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